A gilt-brass figure of Shakyamuni Buddha with inlaid eyes, Thailand, Rattanakosin period, 19th century

THAILAND, RATTANAKOSIN PERIOD, 19TH CENTURY

Gilt copper alloy with inlaid eyes.
40.5 cm high; 31.5 cm wide; 4.8 kg.

Finely cast seated in dhyanasana upon a tiered double-lotus pedestal rising from a broad hexagonal base, the hands resting one above the other in dhyana mudra. The figure is modelled with an upright, composed bearing, elongated earlobes and a tall flame-form ushnisha, reflecting the Rattanakosin revival of earlier Sukhothai ideals.

The face is distinguished by inset eyes, the pale sclera contrasting with dark raised pupils and lending the meditative expression unusual immediacy. The robe is drawn over the left shoulder in restrained linear folds, while the lotus pedestal is worked in successive bands of stylised petals.

Surface and patina

The warm gilt surface preserves fine polishing and handling marks, areas of wear and localised tonal variation. Turquoise-green copper corrosion is concentrated between the tightly arranged hair curls, with reddish and darker accretions around the ears and lower hairline. The raised curls have been selectively polished through prolonged handling, creating a convincing contrast between exposed high points and protected recesses.

Technical examination

The accompanying report records examination by macrophotography, digital microscopy and 365 nm ultraviolet illumination. Observations include traditional casting and finishing marks, copper-related corrosion, a retained pale lime- and gypsum-like casting core containing dark inclusions, and age-related features within the eye inlays. Taken together, these findings support attribution to an older Thai casting of the 19th century.

Condition

Good condition consistent with age. Wear to the gilt surface, scattered scratches and discolouration, copper corrosion and accretions around the hair, casting irregularities, and old traces around joins and the hands. The extreme tip of the ushnisha is historically damaged. The underside remains open and exposes the retained casting core. Please refer to all detailed images as an integral part of the condition report.